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SPECTRE Service and Products for ionosphere Electronic
Content and Tropospheric Refractivity
over Europe from GPS data |
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Context |
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Recent
developments in ionospheric remote sensing, in particular the advent
of techniques using the Global Positioning System (GPS), provide an
unprecedented capability for monitoring the state of the ionosphere and its
reaction to solar events, but also to earth geophysical events. Dual
frequency GPS signals allow to monitor, and characterize ionosphere state
disturbances on a routine basis with 2D Total Electronic Content (TEC)
maps. The
ionosphere is indeed a natural amplifier of ground movements, the vertical velocity
at the ground level being amplified by a factor up to 105 as it
reaches the ionosphere at low frequencies (f<0.05 Hz). This amplification
can be used to detect and study two types of transient geophysical signals.
The first ones are produced by an acoustic coupling between the solid earth
and the ionosphere or alternatively, by atmospheric explosion, either from
volcanoes or asteroids. Information on the water vapor
content of the troposphere can also be extracted from GPS signal.
Techniques under development in research laboratories will be addressed
during the project in order to characterize the precision of GPS or
GALILEO-derived tropospheric products and to assess their usefulness for
weather forecasting. |
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Objectives |
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The aims of the project are : ·
To set up a pre-operational service for
distribution of ionospheric electronic content products over Europe from GPS
data ·
To make this service evolve toward a pre-operational
service for distribution of tropospheric products for GPS positioning ·
To use equivalent systems in a laboratory
context for the study of post-seismic ionospheric signals over California,
Japan and the Mediterranean Sea. ·
To study the ability of dense GPS networks to
monitor tsunami ·
To precise and consolidate technology
applications and potential business outlets for ionosphere and troposphere
products over Europe, in the framework of the preparation of GALILEO ·
To support research in the field of
tropospheric products applicable to meteorology, with the aim of having an
operational production after 2 years. |
Example
of 2D TEC maps over Europe during one day |
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The
TEC service will rely on GPS data from a dense network of station over
Europe. Primary 30 s data will be processed so as to generate 2D maps of TEC
that will be available through an internet server. A particular attention
will be put on the automation and reliability of the service. Maps will be
produced in slightly delayed mode and will be kept on line during one month.
Extraction of off-line products will also be achievable by direct request on
the server. Different levels of data processing will be avaible from raw data
to side products such as satellite and station bias. |
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Partners |
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The project will be achieved by a
consortium composed of Public Research laboratories and institutes: Institut
de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre d'étude des
Environnements Terrestre et Planétaires (CETP), Service d’Aéronomie (SA),
the last two from the Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL),
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule of Zürich (ETH), and a private
company, NOVELTIS. The following entities are observers of the project: Laboratoire
de géophysique, Tectonique et Sédimentologie –UMR 5573/U. Montpellier II,
Centre National de Recherches Météorologiques (CNRM/Météo-France),
Laboratoire de Géophysique Interne et Tectonophysique – UMR5559/U. de
Grenoble, Laboratoire de Recherche en Géodésie (IGN/LAREG), Office
National d’Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA), Commissariat
à l’Energie Atomique, laboratoire de Détection et de Géophysique (CEA/DASE) |
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Support |
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This
project is funded by the French Ministry of Research (Réseau Terre et
Espace), the European Space Agency (Space Weather Pilot Projects) and the
French Space Agency CNES (TAOB). |
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Keywords |
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Ionosphere,
Total Electronic Content, Natural Hazard, Internet Service, Space Weather
European Network (SWENET), earthquake, troposphere, water vapor. |
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